Next Generation X-Aptamers for Identification of Personalized Biomarkers in Cancer

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July 30, 2012

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  • David Gorenstein, Deputy Director, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine The University of Texas Health Science Center

    Abstract
    We have developed novel, next-generation modified DNA oligonucleotide aptamers selected from large combinatorial libraries to target a number of protein biomarkers. We have developed both in vitro enzymatic combinatorial selection and split-synthesis chemical combinatorial methods to identify phosphorothioate-modified oligonucleotide “thioaptamers” and next-gen “X”-aptamers to a number of different protein targets for both proteomics and biomarker discovery. The X-aptamers also include a large range of chemical (X) modifications to the 5-X-dU position and thus represent a hybrid of aptamer backbone, protein amino acid-like sidechains, and small molecule leads in a self-folding scaffold that can be readily identified by oligonucleotide sequencing. Compared to conventional aptamers, this approach dramatically expands the chemical diversity that can be incorporated to select X-aptamers with high affinity for diverse molecular biomarkers. Large bead-based combinatorial libraries of these aptamers can be rapidly selected. These X-aptamers and thioaptamers are being used as antibody substitutes in biomarker identification to tumor cells and tumor vasculature and in various microfluidics and mass spec chips for proteomics and diagnostics. Examples of application of the bead-based thioaptamer and X-aptamer selection are demonstrated for targeting cancer tissue and cells expressing CD44 and E-Selectin.

    Drug DiscoveryGenomicsInformatics

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