Drug Transporter Webinar: Evaluation of Ketoconazole & Alt. Clinical CYP3A4-5 Inhibitors
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July 7, 2016
Publication Review: "Evaluation of Ketoconazole and Its Alternative Clinical CYP3A4/5 Inhibitors as Inhibitors of Drug Transporters: The In Vitro Effects of Ketoconazole, Ritonavir, Clarithromycin and Itraconazole on 13 Clinically-Relevant Drug Transporters" (available at https://www.xenotech.com/scientific-resources/publications-white-papers/2015/evaluation-of-ketoconazole-and-its-alternative-cli.aspx)
Presented by Lydia Vermeer, Ph.D., Senior Scientist, Drug Transport
Synopsis: Ketoconazole is known to be a strong CYP3A4/5 inhibitor, and until recently, was utilized in this role in clinical drug-drug interaction (DDI) studies. Unfortunately, ketoconazole has also demonstrated the ability to cause sporadic liver injury or adrenal insufficiency. Due to this, the FDA and EMA recently recommended the suspension of ketoconazole use in DDI studies and suggested the use of alternatives such as itraconazole or clarithromycin. While the effect on CYP3A4/5 function by these compounds is well established, the known effect on drug transporters is limited. The purpose of this study was to determine the inhibitory effects of ketoconazole, clarithromycin, ritonavir, itraconazole (and the itraconazole metabolites hydroxy-, keto-, andN-desalkyl-itraconazole) towards the drug transporters OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OAT1, OAT3, OCT1, OCT2, MATE1, MATE2-K, P-gp, BCRP, MRP2, MRP3, and BSEP.
Key Concepts Discussed:
Ketoconazole use and background
Assay methodology and design
Inhibitory effects of ketoconazole and alternative compounds on drug transporters
Calculated IC50 values
Determination of potential for clinical DDI
Potential limitations of the study
Download the slides: https://www.xenotech.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/XenoTech_11Apr16_Drug-Transporter_webinar.pdf
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