Stem Cells

Teach Me in 10

Harvesting involves the separation of the cell culture from the growth medium. There are several cell harvesting methods available, and the choice depends on the specific context of the work. In this Teach Me in 10 session, we will delve into these options, which include centrifugation, filtration, and separation techniques with Hilary Sherman a Senior Scientist, Corning Life Sciences.

Harvesting Cell Methods

bit.bio

See how bit.bio's platform uses opti-ox technology to consistently convert stem cells into defined human cells. The resulting cells enable scalable disease research and drug discovery, with time and cost improvements over traditional technologies.

Precision reprogramming iPSCs to generate a source of defined, scalable human cells

Aging (Aging-US)

Aging-US published this trending research paper on May 18, 2023, in Volume 15, Issue 11, entitled, “Senescence and senotherapies in biliary atresia and biliary cirrhosis" by researchers from the Pediatric Hepatology and Cell Therapy Unit, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Abdominal Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Anatomopathology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; IREC Imaging Platform (2IP), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations of Genomes Group, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.204700

Corresponding author - Giulia Jannone - giulia.jannone@uclouvain.be

Abstract

Background: Premature senescence occurs in adult hepatobiliary diseases and worsens the prognosis through deleterious liver remodeling and hepatic dysfunction. Senescence might also arises in biliary atresia (BA), the first cause of pediatric liver transplantation. Since alternatives to transplantation are needed, our aim was to investigate premature senescence in BA and to assess senotherapies in a preclinical model of biliary cirrhosis.

Methods: BA liver tissues were prospectively obtained at hepatoportoenterostomy (n=5) and liver transplantation (n=30) and compared to controls (n=10). Senescence was investigated through spatial whole transcriptome analysis, SA-β-gal activity, p16 and p21 expression, γ-H2AX and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Human allogenic liver-derived progenitor cells (HALPC) or dasatinib and quercetin (D+Q) were administrated to two-month-old Wistar rats after bile duct ligation (BDL).

Results: Advanced premature senescence was evidenced in BA livers from early stage and continued to progress until liver transplantation. Senescence and SASP were predominant in cholangiocytes, but also present in surrounding hepatocytes. HALPC but not D+Q reduced the early marker of senescence p21 in BDL rats and improved biliary injury (serum γGT and Sox9 expression) and hepatocytes mass loss (Hnf4a).

Conclusions: BA livers displayed advanced cellular senescence at diagnosis that continued to progress until liver transplantation. HALPC reduced early senescence and improved liver disease in a preclinical model of BA, providing encouraging preliminary results regarding the use of senotherapies in pediatric biliary cirrhosis.

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Keywords - aging, senescence, senotherapy, liver, biliary cirrhosis, biliary atresia

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

Please visit our website at https://www.Aging-US.com​​ and connect with us:

SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/Aging-Us
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/
Twitter - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/agingjrnl/
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/@AgingJournal
LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging/
Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/AgingUS/

Media Contact
18009220957
MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Senescence and Senotherapies in Biliary Atresia and Biliary Cirrhosis

Corning Matrigel matrix has been a lab staple for over 30 years – used in essential applications to cutting-edge life-changing research. Join us for this Teach Me in 10 featuring Corning senior scientist Hilary Sherman to get some handling tips and expert advice to maximize your work in both 2D and 3D cultures with the most widely used ECM in the industry.

Working with Corning Matrigel Matrix: Tips, Tricks and Expert Advice

Aging-US published this research paper on March 29, 2023 in Volume 15, Issue 9, entitled, "Increased expression of musashi 1 on breast cancer cells has implication to understand dormancy and survival in bone marrow" by researchers from the Department of Medicine, Hematology-Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ; Rutgers School of Graduate Studies at New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ.

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.204620

Corresponding author - Pranela Rameshwar - rameshwa@njms.rutgers.edu

Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) stem cells (CSCs) resist treatment and can exist as dormant cells in tissues such as the bone marrow (BM). Years before clinical diagnosis, BC cells (BCCs) could migrate from the primary site where the BM niche cells facilitate dedifferentiation into CSCs. Additionally, dedifferentiation could occur by cell autonomous methods. Here we studied the role of Msi 1, a RNA-binding protein, Musashi I (Msi 1). We also analyzed its relationship with the T-cell inhibitory molecule programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in CSCs. PD-L1 is an immune checkpoint that is a target in immune therapy for cancers. Msi 1 can support BCC growth through stabilization of oncogenic transcripts and modulation of stem cell-related gene expression. We reported on a role for Msi 1 to maintain CSCs. This seemed to occur by the differentiation of CSCs to more matured BCCs. This correlated with increased transition from cycling quiescence and reduced expression of stem cell-linked genes. CSCs co-expressed Msi 1 and PD-L1. Msi 1 knockdown led to a significant decrease in CSCs with undetectable PD-L1. This study has implications for Msi 1 as a therapeutic target, in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitor. Such treatment could also prevent dedifferentiation of breast cancer to CSCs, and to reverse tumor dormancy. The proposed combined treatment might be appropriate for other solid tumors.

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Keywords - aging, cancer stem cell, breast cancer, musashi 1, bone marrow, dormancy

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

Please visit our website at https://www.Aging-US.com​​ and connect with us:

SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/Aging-Us
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/
Twitter - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/agingjrnl/
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/@AgingJournal
LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging/
Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/AgingUS/

Media Contact
18009220957
MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Musashi 1 in Breast Cancer: Implications for Dormancy and Survival in Bone Marrow

Aging-US published this trending research paper in Volume 14, Issue 24, entitled, "Transcriptomic analysis of human ALS skeletal muscle reveals a disease-specific pattern of dysregulated circRNAs" by researchers from Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL; Center for Neural Science and Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA; Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA; Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.204450

Corresponding authors - Myriam Gorospe - GorospeM@grc.nia.nih.gov, Dimitrios Tsitsipatis - dimitrios.tsitsipatis@nih.gov, Peter H. King - phking@uabmc.edu 

Abstract

Circular RNAs are abundant, covalently closed transcripts that arise in cells through back-splicing and display distinct expression patterns across cells and developmental stages. While their functions are largely unknown, their intrinsic stability has made them valuable biomarkers in many diseases. Here, we set out to examine circRNA patterns in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). By RNA-sequencing analysis, we first identified circRNAs and linear RNAs that were differentially abundant in skeletal muscle biopsies from ALS compared to normal individuals. By RT-qPCR analysis, we confirmed that 8 circRNAs were significantly elevated and 10 were significantly reduced in ALS, while the linear mRNA counterparts, arising from shared precursor RNAs, generally did not change. Several of these circRNAs were also differentially abundant in motor neurons derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) bearing ALS mutations, and across different disease stages in skeletal muscle from a mouse model of ALS (SOD1G93A). Interestingly, a subset of the circRNAs significantly elevated in ALS muscle biopsies were significantly reduced in the spinal cord samples from ALS patients and ALS (SOD1G93A) mice. In sum, we have identified differentially abundant circRNAs in ALS-relevant tissues (muscle and spinal cord) that could inform about neuromuscular molecular programs in ALS and guide the development of therapies.

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Keywords - aging, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, circular RNAs, neurodegenerative disease, human skeletal muscle, human spinal cord tissue

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

Please visit our website at https://www.Aging-US.com​​ and connect with us:

SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/Aging-Us
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/
Twitter - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/agingjrnl/
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/agingus​
LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging/
Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/AgingUS/

Media Contact
18009220957
MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Transcriptomic Analysis of Human ALS Skeletal Muscle Reveals…

Cell culture media is one of the most important components of the in vitro tissue environment. It provides the nutrients, minerals and growth factors necessary to sustain cells outside the body. 

This Teach Me in 10 explores the different media options available for plating mammalian cells. It covers preparation techniques, storage options, and how to choose the right media for your experiment.

Plating Cells: Preparation and Media Options With Ann Rossi Bilodeau

In advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMP) manufacturing, the quality and safety of the product need to be ensured from the first stages of development. 

In this episode, we are joined by Kris Wronski, Cell Culture Applications Scientist from Thermo Fisher Scientific. He will discuss how to design an effective contamination prevention strategy that will minimize risks to cell therapy products and allow you to implement appropriate control measures.

By watching this episode you will learn:
•	Why contamination prevention strategy is so important
•	About the types and sources of particulates in the cell therapy production environment and their impact on product quality and safety 
•	The role of laboratory equipment in contamination prevention and what to look for when sourcing suitable equipment

Contamination Prevention in Cell Therapy Environments With Kris Wronski

Oncotarget

Oncotarget published this trending research paper in Volume 13, entitled, "HDAC inhibitors suppress protein poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and DNA repair protein levels and phosphorylation status in hematologic cancer cells: implications for their use in combination with PARP inhibitors and chemotherapeutic drugs" by researchers from the Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Experimental Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada.

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28278

Correspondence to - Benigno C. Valdez - bvaldez@mdanderson.org 

Abstract

The therapeutic efficacy of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) for hematologic malignancies and solid tumors is attributed to their ability to remodel chromatin, normalize dysregulated gene expression, and inhibit repair of damaged DNA. Studies on the interactions of HDACi with PARP inhibitors in hematologic cancers are limited, especially when combined with chemotherapeutic agents. Exposure of hematologic cancer cell lines and patient-derived cell samples to various HDACi resulted in a significant caspase-independent inhibition of protein PARylation, mainly catalyzed by PARP1. HDACi affected the expression of PARP1 at the transcription and/or post-translation levels in a cell line-dependent manner. HDACi-mediated inhibition of PARylation correlated with decreased levels and phosphorylation of major proteins involved in DNA repair. Combination of HDAC and PARP1 inhibitors provided synergistic cytotoxicity, which was further enhanced when combined with a chemotherapeutic regimen containing gemcitabine, busulfan and melphalan as observed in lymphoma cell lines. Our results indicate that the anti-tumor efficacy of HDACi is partly due to down-regulation of PARylation, which negatively affects the status of DNA repair proteins. This repair inhibition, combined with the high levels of oxidative and DNA replication stress characteristic of cancer cells, could have conferred these hematologic cancer cells not only with a high sensitivity to HDACi but also with a heightened dependence on PARP and therefore with extreme sensitivity to combined HDACi/PARPi treatment and, by extension, to their combination with conventional DNA-damaging chemotherapeutic agents. The observed synergism of these drugs could have a major significance in improving treatment of these cancers.

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Keywords - poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, HDAC inhibitors, PARP inhibitors, chemotherapy, hematologic malignancy

About Oncotarget

Oncotarget is a primarily oncology-focused, peer-reviewed, open access journal. Papers are published continuously within yearly volumes in their final and complete form, and then quickly released to Pubmed. On September 15, 2022, Oncotarget was accepted again for indexing by MEDLINE. Oncotarget is now indexed by Medline/PubMed and PMC/PubMed.

To learn more about Oncotarget, please visit https://www.oncotarget.com and connect with us:

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Twitter - https://twitter.com/oncotarget
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LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/oncotarget
Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/oncotarget/
Reddit - https://www.reddit.com/user/Oncotarget/

Media Contact
MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM
18009220957

Stem Cells

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