Immunology

Teach Me in 10

What are viral variants? How and why do they occur? What impact can they have on our body's immune system response? These are pertinent questions right now. For this Teach Me in 10 episode, we're joined by Dr. Sean Elias from the Jenner Institute at the University of Oxford. In just 10 minutes, Dr. Elias provides you with everything you need to know about viral variants and vaccines.

Viral Variants and Vaccines With Dr. Sean Elias

Mutant library

Stable cell lines carrying a reporter gene (a tag or a fluorescent protein) cassette using CRISPR targeted genome editing via the HDR pathway is a powerful tool for monitoring endogenous target gene expression or biological processes without disrupting the target gene in vitro.

https://www.creative-biogene.com/Services/Stable-Knock-in-Cell-Line-Generation/Reporter-Genes-Knock-In-Cell-Line-Generation.html

Reporter Genes Knock-In Cell Line Generation

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are a class of viruses that can selectively replicate in and lyse cancer cells, and subsequent spread with a tumor while not causing damage to normal cells. They have tremendous therapeutic potential to target and kill cancerous cell. Oncolytic virotherapy is an innovative treatment modality which uses replication competent viruses to destroy malignant cancers.

https://www.creative-biogene.com/Services/Custom-Viral-Service/Oncolytic-Virus-service.html

Oncolytic Virotherapy

mRNA-based vaccines are a promising platform with the potential to be highly versatile, potent, scalable, streamlined, inexpensive, and cold-chain free. More importantly, mRNA-based vaccines may fill the gap between emerging pandemic infectious diseases and a rapid, abundant supply of effective vaccines. The mRNA vaccine technology has a huge potential over conventional vaccines.

https://integraterna.creative-biogene.com/news/focus-on-mrna-vaccine-a-new-era-in-vaccinology.html

mRNA Vaccine

Oncotarget

Oncotarget published this top-performing research paper on July 28, 2020, entitled, “Th1 cytokines in conjunction with pharmacological Akt inhibition potentiate apoptosis of breast cancer cells in vitro and suppress tumor growth in vivo,” by researchers from Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, and H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL.

Abstract:
Targeted drug approaches have been a major focus for developing new anticancer therapies. Although many such agents approved in the last 20 years have improved outcomes, almost all have underperformed expectations. The full potential of such agents may yet be obtained through novel combinations. Previously, we showed that anti-estrogen drugs combined with a dendritic cell-based anti-HER-2 vaccine known to induce strong Th1-polarized immunity dramatically improved clinical response rates in patients with HER-2pos/ERpos early breast cancer. Here, we show that the small molecule Akt antagonist MK-2206, when combined with the Th1 cytokines IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha, maximize indicators of apoptotic cell death in a panel of phenotypically-diverse human breast cancer lines. These findings were mirrored by other, structurally-unrelated Akt-targeting drugs that work through different mechanisms. Interestingly, we found that MK-2206, as well as the other Akt antagonist drugs, also had a tendency to suppress Th1 cytokine expression in stimulated human and murine lymphocytes, potentially complicating their use in conjunction with active immunotherapy. After verifying that MK-2206 plus IFN-gamma could show similar combined effects against breast cancer lines, even in the absence of TNF-alpha, we tested in a rodent HER-2pos breast cancer model either a HER-2-based DC vaccine, or recombinant IFN-gamma with or without MK-2206 administration. We found that for MK-2206, co-administration of recombinant IFN-gamma outperformed co-administration of DC vaccination for slowing tumor growth kinetics. These findings suggest a combined therapy approach for Akt-targeting drugs that incorporates recombinant Interferon-gamma and is potentially translatable to humans.

Press release - https://www.oncotarget.com/news/pr/th1-cytokines-potentiate-apoptosis-of-breast-cancer-cells-and-suppress-tumor-growth/

Sign up for free Altmetric alerts about this article - https://oncotarget.altmetric.com/details/email_updates?id=10.18632%2Foncotarget.27556

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27556

Full text - https://www.oncotarget.com/article/27556/text/

Correspondence to - Gary K. Koski - dendritic_cell@hotmail.com

Keywords - breast cancer, Akt kinase, immunotherapy

About Oncotarget

Oncotarget is a bi-weekly, peer-reviewed, open access biomedical journal covering research on all aspects of oncology.

To learn more about Oncotarget, please visit https://www.oncotarget.com or connect with:

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Oncotarget is published by Impact Journals, LLC please visit https://www.ImpactJournals.com or connect with @ImpactJrnls

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Top-Performer: Akt Antagonist Drug and Th1 Cytokines Combat Breast Cancer

There are still so many unanswered questions surrounding the COVID-19 disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Since the onset of the global pandemic, there have been some reports of individuals experiencing changes to their menstrual cycles. Similar reports have emerged since the rollout of the COVID-19 vaccination programs across the globe. There are many different factors that might contribute to a change in an individual's menstrual cycle, and we wanted to know whether there is any evidence that suggests COVID-19 disease, or vaccination, could be an example of such factors. Answering our questions in this Teach Me in 10 episode is Dr Susan Khalil, assistant professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.

COVID-19, Vaccines and the Menstrual Cycle

Oncotarget: Table of Contents - Volume 12, Issue 14

Copy: View the latest oncology-focused research published in this week’s issue of Oncotarget, Volume 12, Issue 14.
https://www.oncotarget.com/archive/v12/i14/

Cover Paper - “Esomeprazole enhances the effect of ionizing radiation to improve tumor control” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28008

Research Paper - “Mebendazole disrupts stromal desmoplasia and tumorigenesis in two models of pancreatic cancer” 
https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28014


Research Paper - “MRI texture features from tumor core and margin in the prediction of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced breast cancer” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28002

Research Paper - “The use of a uPAR-targeted probe for photothermal cancer therapy prolongs survival in a xenograft mouse model of glioblastoma”
https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28013


Research Paper - “Eltrombopag and its iron chelating properties in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28000

Research Paper - “Prokineticin-1 induces normal lymphangiogenic activity and is involved in lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28016

Research Paper - “Appropriate body mass index cutoffs for type 2 diabetes in Xinjiang population: defining the influence of liver aminotransferase” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28009

Review - “Multifaceted effect of chlorpromazine in cancer: implications for cancer treatment” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28010

Research Perspective - “Targeting cancer associated fibroblasts to enhance immunotherapy: emerging strategies and future perspectives” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27936

Research Perspective - “A Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) based modeling framework to describe tumor-in-host growth inhibition and cachexia onset during anticancer treatment in in vivo xenograft studies” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27960

Keywords - mebendazole,  pancreatic cancer, esomeprazole, tumor control, MRI, breast cancer, eltrombopag, colorectal cancer, AML, type 2 diabetes, chlorpromazine, immunotherapy, tumors, cancer, science, research, oncology


About Oncotarget

Oncotarget is a bi-weekly, peer-reviewed, open access biomedical journal covering research on all aspects of oncology. 

To learn more about Oncotarget, please visit https://www.oncotarget.com/ or connect with:

SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/oncotarget
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/Oncotarget/
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LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/oncotarget
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Oncotarget is published by Impact Journals, LLC. Please visit https://www.impactjournals.com/ or connect with @ImpactJrnls

Media Contact
MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM
18009220957

Table of Contents - Volume 12, Issue 14

View the latest oncology-focused research published in this week’s issue of Oncotarget, Volume 12, Issue 13.
https://www.oncotarget.com/archive/v12/i13/

Cover Paper - “Oncogenic transformation of NIH/3T3 cells by the overexpression of L-type amino acid transporter 1, a promising anti-cancer target” 
https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27981


News - “A new class of radiosensitizers for glioblastoma”
https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27970 (PDF Download)

Research Paper - “A platform for locoregional T-cell immunotherapy to control HNSCC recurrence following tumor resection” 
https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27982


Research Paper - “Human papilloma virus circulating tumor DNA assay predicts treatment response in recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27992

Research Paper - “Association of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and odds of breast cancer by molecular subtype: analysis of the MEND study” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27991

Research Paper - “Glucocorticoid receptor antagonism promotes apoptosis in solid tumor cells”
https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27989



Research Paper - “TERT and its binding protein: overexpression of GABPA/B in high grade gliomas” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27985

Review - “Cross-talks in colon cancer between RAGE/AGEs axis and in-flammation/immunotherapy” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27990

Review - “Cancer-epigenetic function of the histone methyltransferase KMT2D and therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of KMT2D-deficient tumors” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27988

Research Perspective - “Targeting super-enhancers reprograms glioblastoma central carbon metabolism” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27938

Editorial Perspective - “Polo-like kinase inhibition as a therapeutic target in acute myeloid leukemia” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27919 (PDF Download)

Editorial - “The formation of pre-effectors in the steady state opens a new perspective for cancer immunosurveillance” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27967 (PDF Download)

Editorial - “Mechanisms of gefitinib-induced interstitial pneumonitis: why and how the TKI perturbs innate immune systems?” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27958 (PDF Download)

Keywords - oncogenicity,  glioblastoma, head and neck cancer, immunotherapy, tumors, glioma, colon cancer, epigenetics, cancer immunosurveillance, gefitinib, AML, breast cancer, cancer, science, research, oncology


About Oncotarget

Oncotarget is a bi-weekly, peer-reviewed, open access biomedical journal covering research on all aspects of oncology. 

To learn more about Oncotarget, please visit https://www.oncotarget.com/ or connect with:

SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/oncotarget
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/Oncotarget/
Twitter - https://twitter.com/oncotarget
LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/oncotarget
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/oncotargetjrnl/
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/oncotargetyoutube
Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/oncotarget/
Reddit - https://www.reddit.com/user/Oncotarget

Oncotarget is published by Impact Journals, LLC. Please visit https://www.impactjournals.com/ or connect with @ImpactJrnls

Media Contact
MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM
18009220957

Table of Contents - Volume 12, Issue 13

Sino Biological

Sino Biological is an internationally recognized reagent supplier and contract research organization. Sino Biological's core technology platform is its in-house developed mammalian cell-based recombinant expression system. The system employs a range of proprietary reagents and processes, enabling high-efficient production of antigens and antibodies. The current catalog includes 10,000+ recombinant antigens, along with 2,000+ unique clones of monoclonal antibodies.

Sino Biological is dedicated to supporting SARS-COV-2 research. The company’s antibodies and antigens have been widely used to manufacture rapid antigen and antibody tests. Many of them have received the EUA from the FDA.

Immunology

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