Proteomics and Metabolomics

BÜCHI Labortechnik AG

Join BUCHI application chemist, Björn Brodbeck, as he explains how to correct common peak malformations, including:
- peak fronting
- peak tailing 
- peak splitting. 

Benefit from essential theory, practical information and beneficial tips in a compact chromatography mini-tutorial perfect for your coffee break. Achieve optimal peak shapes for optimal separation power for your flash chromatography or prep HPLC applications.

Perfect chromatography peaks: Clever solutions to peaks with fronting, tailing or splitting

Aging (Aging-US)

Aging-US published a Special Collection on Eye Disease which included "Activation of C-reactive protein proinflammatory phenotype in the blood retinal barrier in vitro: implications for age-related macular degeneration" which reported that the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is considered one of the main targets of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of irreversible vision loss among the ageing population worldwide. Increased levels of circulating pentameric C-reactive protein (pCRP) are associated with higher risk of AMD. Monomeric form of pCRP has been detected in drusen, the hallmark deposits associated with AMD, and we have found that mCRP induces oBRB disruption

Dr. Blanca Molins from The IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona said, "Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the primary cause of irreversible vision loss among the ageing population worldwide."

AMD presents RPE cell abnormalities, disruption of the outer blood-retinal-barrier (oBRB), and degeneration of photoreceptors. Altered immune responses are thought to contribute to the dry AMD phenotype. Loss of parainflammation control contributes to AMD by invoking a chronic, heightened immune response that causes tissue destruction. mCRP has been identified in ocular drusen and other subepithelial deposits, as well as in the choroid, and contributes to oBRB disruption in vitro.

The "non-risk" Factor H (FH) variant can effectively bind to mCRP to dampen its proinflammatory activity. MCRP levels are elevated in individuals with the high-risk CFH genotype [29, 30] - this is because there is no CRP transcription in retinal tissue.

The Molins Research Team concluded in their https://www.aging-us.com/article/103655/ Aging-US Research Output, "our findings further support mCRP direct contribution to progression of AMD, at least at the RPE level. The topological experiments elicit that mCRP is proinflammatory when present on the apical side of the RPE. However, mCRP is likely to only reach the apical side of the RPE in compromised RPE health and where barrier functions are compromised. Thus, a plausible scenario would infer that, in the presence of an already aged/damaged RPE, mCRP reaches the apical side of the RPE to amplify the proinflammatory microenvironment and enhance barrier disruption. With respect to previous findings, this pathologic mechanism will be more prevalent in patients carrying the FH risk polymorphism for AMD, where mCRP proinflammatory effects remain unrestrained."

Full Text - https://www.aging-us.com/article/103655/text

Correspondence to: Blanca Molins email: bmolins@clinic.cat

Keywords: age-related macular degeneration, retinal pigment epithelium, inflammation, C-reactive protein

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

Please visit our website at http://www.Aging-US.com​​ or connect with us on:

SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/aging-us​
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/
Twitter - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl
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Aging-US is published by Impact Journals, LLC please visit http://www.ImpactJournals.com​​ or connect with @ImpactJrnls

Media Contact
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Author Insight: Activation of C-reactive Protein Proinflammatory Phenotype

Oncotarget

Here the research team tested a safe and well-established microbe-based immune adjuvant to restore immune homeostasis and counteract inflammation-associated obesity in animal models.

Taken together, they concluded that oral vaccination with cholera toxin B helps stimulate health-protective immune responses that counteract age-associated obesity.

Dr. Susan E. Erdman from the Division of Comparative Medicine, at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, MA, United States said, "The global burden of chronic inflammatory diseases is increasing at alarming rates."

The continuous rise of obesity, cardiovascular and chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes, infertility, allergy and autoimmunity, cancer, and central nervous system dysfunctions, including anxiety and autism, appears to link with modernized lifestyle but remains inexplicable.

Underlying systemic immune imbalances linked with bacteria residing in the gut have been proposed as a probable cause of obesity.

In this context, obesity is one of many chronic inflammatory diseases associated with modern living.

Important effects of gut microbiota in mammalian physiology, including metabolism and CNS functions, place gut microbe-immune cell interactions in the hypothetical center of chronic inflammatory disorders such as obesity.

In this regard, postbiotic gut bacterial fractions used for oral immunizations have been found to stabilize the immune system and counteract destructive inflammatory responses later in life in both humans and animals.

Immune adjuvant properties of cholera-toxin, make it an attractive tool for induction of tolerance that stabilizes the immune system.

The Erdman research team concluded, "Indeed, systemic immune imbalances related to failure of tolerance have been proposed as a cause of extra-intestinal cancer linked with bacteria residing in the gut.

It remains to be seen whether this gut immune-centric strategy broadly translates to successes in the clinic; however, the versatility of ct B to manipulate immune responses make this protein a promising adjuvant for vaccine development to combat a growing Westernized public health crisis."

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27137

Full text - https://www.oncotarget.com/article/27137/text/

Correspondence to - Susan E. Erdman - serdman@mit.edu

Keywords - body weight, mouse, exotoxin subunit B, CLS, inflammation

About Oncotarget

Oncotarget is a bi-weekly, peer-reviewed, open access biomedical journal covering research on all aspects of oncology. 

To learn more about Oncotarget, please visit https://www.oncotarget.com/ or connect with:

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Oncotarget is published by Impact Journals, LLC. Please visit https://www.impactjournals.com/ or connect with @ImpactJrnls

Media Contact
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18009220957

Author Insight: Consuming Cholera Toxin Counteracts Age-associated Obesity

Creative Proteomics videos

Edman degradation, which was developed by Pehr Edman, is a method to sequence amino acids in a peptide. It is the Cyclic degradation of peptides based on the reaction of phenylisothiocyanate with the free amino group of the N-terminal residue.  More at https://www.creative-proteomics.com/

Protein Sequencing – Edman Degradation

Acetylation refers to a reaction that introduces an acetyl functional group into a chemical compound, in which the hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group is replaced by an acetyl group (CH3CO) to yield a specific ester, the acetate. Protein acetylation commonly has two different forms. In humans, almost (80%-90%) proteins become co-translationally acetylated at their Nα-termini of the nascent polypeptide chains. Another type is typically acetylated on lysine residues. More can be found at https://www.creative-proteomics.com/

Brief Introduction of Protein Acetylation

Shotgun proteomics refers to the use of bottom-up proteomics techniques to study the whole proteins in a complex mixture, such as serum, urine, and cell lysates, etc. It utilizes the technology of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in combination with mass spectrometry (MS) technology. The most distinctive feature of shotgun proteomics is that it enables identification and comparative quantification of a wide range of proteins at the same time with minimal protein separation needed.  More information can be found at https://www.creative-proteomics.com/services/shotgun-protein-identification.htm

Membrane Protein Identification by Shotgun Proteomics

Chromatography & Mass Spectrometry Solutions

Experience the future of single-cell sensitivity today. 

Single-cell sensitivity empowers the next generation, helps you explore new applications, reveal cellular diversity and discover new biological insights.

Single-Cell Proteomics

Proteomics is a large-scale comprehensive study of a specific proteome, including information on protein abundances, the variations and modifications, as well as their interacting partners and networks. In discovery proteomics, proteome analysis can be performed in two different strategies, bottom-up and top-down approaches, respectively. In the bottom-up approach, a crude protein mixture undergoes protease digestion first, and then separation by liquid chromatography, followed by MS analysis. In the top-down method, proteins are characterized by MS without prior proteolysis. This type of approach has the advantage of providing greater sequence coverage, resolution of sequence ambiguities and preservation of PTMs. https://www.creative-proteomics.com/services/proteomics-service.htm

Creative Proteomics: Protein Sequencing

Peptide Mass Fingerprinting (PMF), also known as mass fingerprinting, was developed in 1993. It is a high throughput protein identification technique in which the mass of an unknown protein can be determined. PMF is always performed with Matrix-assisted laser/desorption ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Learn more at https://www.creative-proteomics.com/resource/the-principle-characteristics-and-application-of-peptide-mass-fingerprinting.htm

Proteomics and Metabolomics

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