Imaging/Microscopy

Aging (Aging-US)

Dr. Liang-Kung Chen from the National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan details a research paper he co-authored that was published by Aging (Aging-US) in Volume 14, Issue 3, entitled, “Predicting neuropsychiatric symptoms of persons with dementia in a day care center using a facial expression recognition system.”

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.203869

Corresponding author - Liang-Kung Chen - lkchen2@vghtpe.gov.tw

Video transcript - https://aging-us.net/2022/06/28/behind-the-study-facial-expression-recognition-predicts-neuropsychiatric-symptoms-of-dementia/

Abstract

Background: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) affect 90% of persons with dementia (PwD), resulting in various adverse outcomes and aggravating care burdens among their caretakers. This study aimed to explore the potential of artificial intelligence-based facial expression recognition systems (FERS) in predicting BPSDs among PwD.

Methods: A hybrid of human labeling and a preconstructed deep learning model was used to differentiate basic facial expressions of individuals to predict the results of Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) assessments by stepwise linear regression (LR), random forest (RF) with importance ranking, and ensemble method (EM) of equal importance, while the accuracy was determined by mean absolute error (MAE) and root-mean-square error (RMSE) methods.

Results: Twenty-three PwD from an adult day care center were enrolled with ≥ 11,500 FERS data series and 38 comparative NPI scores. The overall accuracy was 86% on facial expression recognition. Negative facial expressions and variance in emotional switches were important features of BPSDs. A strong positive correlation was identified in each model (EM: r = 0.834, LR: r = 0.821, RF: r = 0.798 by the patientwise method; EM: r = 0.891, LR: r = 0.870, RF: r = 0.886 by the MinimPy method), and EM exhibited the lowest MAE and RMSE.

Conclusions: FERS successfully predicted the BPSD of PwD by negative emotions and the variance in emotional switches. This finding enables early detection and management of BPSDs, thus improving the quality of dementia care.

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Keywords - aging, artificial intelligence, behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, dementia, facial expression recognition system, machine learning

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

Please visit our website at http://www.Aging-US.com​​ or connect with us:

SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/Aging-Us
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/
Twitter - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/agingjrnl/
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/agingus​
LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging/
Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/AgingUS/

Aging-US is published by Impact Journals, LLC: http://www.ImpactJournals.com​​

Media Contact
18009220957
MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Behind the Study: Facial Expression Recognition Predicts Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Dementia

Aging (Aging-US) published this trending editorial in Volume 14, Issue 9, entitled, “Cognitive training and neuromodulation for Alzheimer treatment” by Fabrizio Vecchio from Brain Connectivity Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy.

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.204044

Corresponding author - Fabrizio Vecchio - fabrizio.vecchio@uniecampus.it

Sign up for free Altmetric alerts about this article - https://aging.altmetric.com/details/email_updates?id=10.18632%2Faging.20404

Keywords - aging, EEG, Small World, cognitive training, rTMS, Alzheimer

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

Please visit our website at http://www.Aging-US.com​​ and connect with us:

SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/Aging-Us
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/
Twitter - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/agingjrnl/
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/agingus​
LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging/
Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/AgingUS/

Aging-US is published by Impact Journals, LLC: http://www.ImpactJournals.com​​

Media Contact
18009220957
MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Trending With Impact: Cognitive Training and Neuromodulation for Alzheimer’s

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What is cryopreservation? What techniques are there/how do we do it? When did we first cryopreserve gametes, and has it changed over time, and what are some new directions for cryopreservation? Dr. Jarrod McKenna, who holds a graduate diploma and PhD in reproductive sciences from Monash University, explains all in this week's episode of Teach Me in 10. Dr. McKenna's PhD involved working with Egyptian spiny mice, the world’s only known menstruating rodent, to define assisted reproductive techniques (such as cryopreservation), while also describing fundamental characteristics of spiny mouse pregnancy and embryo implantation. For more inforamtion, Dr. McKenna recommends: [url][link]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14714593/[/link][name]Terminology associated with vitrification and other cryopreservation procedures for oocytes and embryos[/name][/url], [url][link]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23246475/#:~:text=Nucleation%20of%20ice%20is%20the,cell%20based%20assays%20or%20clinical[/link][name]Controlled ice nucleation in cryopreservation--a review[/name][/url] and [url][link]https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-34035-0#:~:text=Vitrification%20in%20a%203.5%20M,larvae%20on%20day%202%20post%2D[/link][name]Successful cryopreservation of coral larvae using vitrification and laser warming[/name][/url].



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Aging (Aging-US) published this trending research paper as the cover for Volume 14, Issue 4 on February 27, 2022, entitled, “Mid-life epigenetic age, neuroimaging brain age, and cognitive function: coronary artery risk development in young adults (CARDIA) study” by researchers from the Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Biggs Institute Neuroimaging Core, Glenn Biggs Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX; Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Departments of Neurological Surgery, Medicine-Hematology and Oncology, Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA; Department of Diagnostic Medicine, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX; Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Department of Neurology University of California, San Francisco, CA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, CA; San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA.

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.203918

Corresponding Authors - Yinan Zheng - y-zheng@northwestern.edu, Kristine Yaffe - Kristine.Yaffe@ucsf.edu, and Lifang Hou - l-hou@northwestern.edu

Abstract

The proportion of aging populations affected by dementia is increasing. There is an urgent need to identify biological aging markers in mid-life before symptoms of age-related dementia present for early intervention to delay the cognitive decline and the onset of dementia. In this cohort study involving 1,676 healthy participants (mean age 40) with up to 15 years of follow up, we evaluated the associations between cognitive function and two classes of novel biological aging markers: blood-based epigenetic aging and neuroimaging-based brain aging. Both accelerated epigenetic aging and brain aging were prospectively associated with worse cognitive outcomes. Specifically, every year faster epigenetic or brain aging was on average associated with 0.19-0.28 higher (worse) Stroop score, 0.04-0.05 lower (worse) RAVLT score, and 0.23-0.45 lower (worse) DSST (all false-discovery-rate-adjusted p <0.05). While epigenetic aging is a more stable biomarker with strong long-term predictive performance for cognitive function, brain aging biomarker may change more dynamically in temporal association with cognitive decline. The combined model using epigenetic and brain aging markers achieved the highest accuracy (AUC: 0.68, p<0.001) in predicting global cognitive function status. Accelerated epigenetic age and brain age at midlife may aid timely identification of individuals at risk for accelerated cognitive decline and promote the development of interventions to preserve optimal functioning across the lifespan.

Keywords - cognitive function, epigenetic age, brain age, DNA methylation, magnetic resonance imaging

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

Please visit our website at http://www.Aging-US.com​​ and connect with us:

SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/Aging-Us
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/
Twitter - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/agingjrnl/
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/agingus​
LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging/
Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/AgingUS/

Aging-US is published by Impact Journals, LLC: http://www.ImpactJournals.com​​

Media Contact
18009220957
MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Mid-life Epigenetic Age, Brain Age and Cognitive Function in the CARDIA Cohort

Flow cytometry can generate exquisitely detailed information about individual cells at a resolution comparable to single-cell technology. 

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