Analytical Techniques

Oncotarget

Oncotarget published "Host targeted antiviral (HTA): functional inhibitor compounds of scaffold protein RACK1 inhibit herpes simplex virus proliferation" which reported that due to the small number of molecular targets in viruses and the rapid evolution of viral genes, it is very challenging to develop specific antiviral drugs.

In addition, HIV-1 and Herpes Simplex virus are known to use IRES as well. By utilizing the crystal structure of the RACK1A protein from the model plant Arabidopsis and using a structure based drug design method, dozens of small compounds were identified that could potentially bind to the experimentally determined functional site of the RACK1A protein.

Dr. Sivanesan Dakshanamurthy from The Georgetown University Medical Center, Dr. Qiyi Tang from The Howard University College of Medicine and Dr. Hemayet Ullah from Howard University said, "With the small number of molecular targets in viruses and the rapid evolution of viral genes, it is very challenging to develop specific antiviral drugs."

Unlike other infectious agents, viruses offer few intrinsic targets for inhibition by antiviral molecules [1]. With their simple structural form and their ability to hijack molecular machinery from host cells to complete their replication cycle, viruses evade most efforts to contain them [2]. However, as viruses require host factors to translate their transcripts, targeting the host factor offers a unique opportunity to develop novel antiviral drugs.

In this regard, identification of the ribosome localized host protein Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1 for viral Internal Ribosomal Entry Site -mediated translation of non-capped mRNAs has been established as a target for developing antiviral drugs [3, 4]. Indeed, many of the animal and human viruses containing IRESs are RNA viruses, and most of them belong only to three families of + ssRNA viruses.

To date, although IRES elements have been widely reported in RNA viruses, only a very limited number of IRES elements have been reported in a few DNA viruses, including Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus [7–9], Epstein-Barr virus [10], herpes simplex virus [11], murine gammaherpesvirus 68 [12], Marek's disease virus [13], and simian vacuolating virus 40 [14]. In addition, presence of the IRES in double stranded DNA containing White Spot Syndrome virus, which is in the family Nimaviradae, is also reported [15]. WSSV is widely known as the causative pathogen of a serious disease in shrimp [15].

One of the characteristics of HSV infection is its ability to latently infect neurons so that it can be reactivated, thereby causing recurrent infections [21]. Although the clinical symptoms of HSV-caused diseases can be controlled with antiviral drugs, these drugs are not strong enough to stop subclinical transmission [20, 22].

The Dakshanamurthy/Tang/Ullah Research Team concluded in their Oncotarget Research Output that this work will usher a new avenue to develop effective and durable drugs that can potentially circumvent the selection pressure induced drug-resistance scenarios. Future endeavors to generate next generation drugs targeting the host RACK1 protein with enhanced efficacy will advance this approach to a significantly new level where direct targeting anti-viral drugs are slowly being rendered as non-effective in term of their effective durability

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DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.26907

Full text - https://www.oncotarget.com/article/26907/text/

Correspondence to - Sivanesan Dakshanamurthy - sd233@georgetown.edu, Qiyi Tang - qiyi.tang@howard.edu, and Hemayet Ullah - hullah@howard.edu

Keywords - host targeted antiviral (HTA), herpes simplex virus (HSV), receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1), RACK1 inhibitor, internal ribosomal entry site (IRES)

About Oncotarget

Oncotarget is a bi-weekly, peer-reviewed, open access biomedical journal covering research on all aspects of oncology. 

To learn more about Oncotarget, please visit https://www.oncotarget.com/ or connect with:

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Oncotarget is published by Impact Journals, LLC. Please visit https://www.impactjournals.com/ or connect with @ImpactJrnls

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Author Insight: Functional Inhibitor Compounds Inhibit Herpes Simplex Virus Proliferation

The cover for issue 29 of Oncotarget features Figure 2, "Categorisation of samples analysed," from Laes, et al.

- OncoDNA treatment recommendation followed in 60% of cases
- 93% of treatment decisions were made based on a holistic approach combining next generation sequencing (NGS) and multiple biomarker analysis provided by OncoDNA
- 27% of late-stage patients treated with OncoDNA-recommended therapies had overall survival less than 12 months, compared to a typical average of no more than six months
Gosselies, Belgium - April 17, 2018: OncoDNA ("OncoDNA or "the Company"), the healthcare technology company that collates and translates complex cancer biomarker data to make precision medicine a reality, is pleased to announce the publication of a study in the journal Oncotarget evaluating the utility of OncoDNA's comprehensive biomarker analysis and interpretation services in clinical settings.

The study, published online today and titled "The clinical impact of using complex molecular profiling strategies in routine oncology practice", found that combining advanced, comprehensive testing of cancer biomarkers with OncoDNA's proprietary cancer treatment knowledge database can enable oncologists to make better treatment decisions for their patients. This is because OncoDNA's testing combines immunohistochemistry, next generation sequencing (NGS), and other tests including inherited heart condition testing, DNA methylation, and microsatellite instability (MSI) testing, rather than the industry standard of NGS testing alone.

The study analysed samples from 1,057 late-stage and advanced grade cancer patients from over 30 different countries on four continents between January 2015 and January 2016 for whom at least one standard of care treatment had already failed. Samples were analysed either by the sequencing of a solid biopsy only - with either a hotspot panel or comprehensive panel including more than 400 genes - or the study of biomarkers determined by immunohistochemistry and other biomolecular tests, or a combination of both. In order to assess the utility of tumour profiling in clinical practice, the study also analysed the therapeutic decisions made by oncologists after receiving OncoDNA's tumour analysis and treatment recommendation.

Overall, OncoDNA's treatment recommendation was followed in 60.4% of cases and in 99% of the cases that did not follow the recommendation the cited reason was drug unavailability or cost, not clinical consideration. The vast majority of treatment decisions (93.4%) were made based on OncoDNA's combination of tests rather than NGS alone. This is a substantial increase on NGS testing alone, which will typically yield a treatment recommendation in only 30% of cases. For the cases in which OncoDNA's treatment recommendation was followed, 27% of patients had an overall survival of less than 12 months, a significant improvement for late-stage patients, who normally have a life expectancy of no more than six months.

Jean-Pol Detiffe, Chief Executive Officer of OncoDNA, said: "This dataset demonstrates the utility and power of OncoDNA's proprietary, living database and our holistic approach to genomic and molecular profiling. For oncologists, the study suggests our testing and analysis products could represent the best way to make informed therapeutic decisions in clinical practice. Not only were OncoDNA's recommendations followed in the majority of cases, but the study also suggests that our comprehensive testing and analyses could represent the best approach for obtaining useful molecular insight, while reducing physicians' exposure to irrelevant aberrations. As we continue to expand our business through Europe and beyond, these results will help raise awareness of the benefits of our product offering among oncologists and further the healthcare industry's ability to prescribe precision medicine."

Full text - https://www.oncotarget.com/article/24757/text/

Contact

OncoDNA+32 (0) 71 18 35 00

Jean-Pol Detiffe, CEO 
Jean-Francois Laes, CSO

Consilium Strategic Communications+44 (0)20 3709 5700

Amber Fennell, Sukaina Virji, Nicholas Brown, Hendrik Thys oncodna@consilium-comms.com

About Oncotarget

Oncotarget is a bi-weekly, peer-reviewed, open access biomedical journal covering research on all aspects of oncology.

To learn more about Oncotarget, please visit https://www.oncotarget.com or connect with:

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Reddit - https://www.reddit.com/user/Oncotarget/

Oncotarget is published by Impact Journals, LLC please visit https://www.ImpactJournals.com or connect with @ImpactJrnls

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Author Insight: Unique Biomarker Analysis & Interpretation Platform in Clinical Decision-making

SiliCycle Inc.

Particle size distribution is one of seven characteristics that is important to consider when selecting a silica product for your chromatographic applications. As such, it is good to understand exactly what it is and how it impacts column performance so that the best product for the separation or purification is chosen. 

Read more about  the seven key characteristics to consider here: https://www.silicycle.com/articles/cat/product-blog/post/use-of-silica-in-chromatography-understanding-key-physical-characteristics/

Next find out how to determine which chromatographic phase is best suited for your application: https://www.silicycle.com/articles/cat/product-blog/post/how-to-choose-the-right-chromatographic-phase/



Music Credit: 
Brighter Days by Markvard & Kvarmez 
https://soundcloud.com/markvard
https://soundcloud.com/simen-eliassen...
Creative Commons — Attribution 3.0 Unported  — CC BY 3.0 
Free Download / Stream: https://bit.ly/brighter-days
Music promoted by Audio Library https://youtu.be/jVEoeR9AunY

FAQ Understanding particle size distribution - D50, D90 and D10

Modern Cannabis Testing

Plant nutrients are an essential part of cannabis growth and development. Each cannabis plant has a unique nutrient profile consisting of 16 essential elements including carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and more. 
While horticulturists have identified the ideal amount of nutrients in the soil for plant growth, not much historical research has been done on how the nutrients can affect the cannabinoid potency of the cannabis plant. In this presentation, [url][link]https://www.moderncanna.com/[/link][name]Modern Canna Labs[/name][/url] outlines the initial findings of a controlled study on this correlation.

Cannabis Research - is there a correlation between Potency & Nutrients?

Teach Me in 10

What is a cannabis testing laboratory? What kind of testing services do labs provide? What equipment is found in a cannabis testing lab? All of these questions  (and more!) are addressed in this Analytical Cannabis special episode of Teach Me in 10, where we're joined by Jini Curry, cannabis laboratory director.

What is a Cannabis Testing Lab? With Jini Curry

FRITSCH Milling and Sizing

The Planetary Micro Mill PULVERISETTE 7 [i]premium line[/i] with 2 grinding stations is designed for a broad range of applications and ideally suited for loss-free grinding down to a final fineness of 100 nm of hard, medium-hard and brittle materials. Depending on the desired final fineness, the grinding can be performed dry, in suspension or in inert gas.
In addition to comminution, you can also use Planetary Mills for mixing and homogenising emulsions and pastes or for mechanical activation and alloying in materials research. with 2 grinding stations is designed for a broad range of applications and ideally suited for loss-free grinding down to a final fineness of 100 nm of hard, medium-hard and brittle materials. Depending on the desired final fineness, the grinding can be performed dry, in suspension or in inert gas.
In addition to comminution, you can also use Planetary Mills for mixing and homogenising emulsions and pastes or for mechanical activation and alloying in materials research. 
[url][link] https://www.fritsch-international.com/sample-preparation/milling/planetary-mills/details/product/pulverisette-7-premium-line/ [/link][name] Details Planetary Micro Mill PULVERISETTE 7 [i]premium line[/I] [/name][/url]

Introducing the FRITSCH Planetary Micro Mill PULVERISETTE 7 [i]premium line[/i]

Ground glass in the sub-micro range has properties of non-Newtonian fluids (rheopexy). In order to penetrate into the nano range, high-performance mills such as the Planetary Micro Mill PULVERISETTE 7 [i]premium line[/i] must be used. [url][link] https://www.fritsch-international.com/sample-preparation/milling/planetary-mills/details/product/pulverisette-7-premium-line/ [/link][name] Planetary Micro Mill PULVERISETTE 7 [i]premium line[/i] [/name][/url]

Grinding glass into the nano range with Planetary Micro Mill  PULVERISETTE 7 [i]premium line[/i]

Creative Enzymes

Creative Enzymes is a worldwide leading company in diagnostic enzymes manufacturing and supply. We are committed to providing our customers with diverse enzyme products and custom enzyme-related services for medical and research diagnosis. Relying on our professional team and state-of-art technologies, we have gained solid reputation for having top of the line products and services.

Our product lines cover a wide range of application areas, including but not limited to blood lipids, liver function, kidney and pancreas function, diabetes, POCT bio-sensor and clinical diagnosis. Every product is presented with detailed description, source, form, activity and other biochemical properties. Our high-quality products always ensure the rapid, reliable and reproducible experiments.  https://diagnostic-enzymes.creative-enzymes.com/

Diagnostic Enzymes - Creative Enzymes

Aging (Aging-US)

Aging-US published this trending research paper as the cover for Issue 13, Volume 20, entitled, "Predicting physiological aging rates from a range of quantitative traits using machine learning” by researchers from the Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; Department of Epidemiology, The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA; Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Monserrato, Italy; Geriatric Unit, Azienda Sanitaria di Firenze, Florence, Italy; Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; ViQi, Inc., Santa Barbara, CA.

Abstract
It is widely thought that individuals age at different rates. A method that measures “physiological age” or physiological aging rate independent of chronological age could therefore help elucidate mechanisms of aging and inform an individual’s risk of morbidity and mortality. Here we present machine learning frameworks for inferring individual physiological age from a broad range of biochemical and physiological traits including blood phenotypes (e.g., high-density lipoprotein), cardiovascular functions (e.g., pulse wave velocity) and psychological traits (e.g., neuroticism) as main groups in two population cohorts SardiNIA (~6,100 participants) and InCHIANTI (~1,400 participants). The inferred physiological age was highly correlated with chronological age (R2 > 0.8). We further defined an individual’s physiological aging rate (PAR) as the ratio of the predicted physiological age to the chronological age. Notably, PAR was a significant predictor of survival, indicating an effect of aging rate on mortality. Our trait-based PAR was correlated with DNA methylation-based epigenetic aging score (r = 0.6), suggesting that both scores capture a common aging process. PAR was also substantially heritable (h2~0.3), and a subsequent genome-wide association study of PAR identified significant associations with two genetic loci, one of which is implicated in telomerase activity. Our findings support PAR as a proxy for an underlying whole-body aging mechanism. PAR may thus be useful to evaluate the efficacy of treatments that target aging-related deficits and controllable epidemiological factors.

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DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.203660

Full Text - https://www.aging-us.com/article/203660/text

Correspondence to: Luigi Ferrucci email: ferruccilu@grc.nia.nih.gov, David Schlessinger email: schlessingerd@grc.nia.nih.gov, Ilya Goldberg email: ilya@viqi.org and Jun Ding email: jun.ding@nih.gov

Keywords: physiological aging rate, quantitative trait, machine learning, aging clock, mortality, personalized medicine

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

Please visit our website at http://www.Aging-US.com​​ or connect with us on:

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Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/
Twitter - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl
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Aging-US is published by Impact Journals, LLC please visit http://www.ImpactJournals.com​​ or connect with @ImpactJrnls

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