Cell Science

Teach Me in 10

Research by a team of neuroscientists from the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNVL) has shown that it is possible to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying a host of adverse symptoms associated with unique subtypes of neurodevelopmental disorders. This work could one day improve the lives of millions of people worldwide.
Intellectual disability (ID) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that can arise from genetic mutations ranging from trisomy to single nucleotide polymorphism. Trisomy of the 21st chromosome (Down syndrome) is the most common underlying cause of ID, but mutations in a growing number of single genes have been identified as causative in ID, including NONO and ARHGEF9. 

In this episode of Teach Me in 10, UNLV neuroscientist Dr. Rochelle Hines joins us to discuss the team’s latest findings, which show that mutations in ARHGEF9  — the gene that codes for collybistin — lead to ID through impaired α2 subunit function.

Want to learn more? Rochelle suggests you check out the following resources:  

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41380-022-01468-z
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-05481-1

Neurodevelopmental Disorders With Rochelle Hines

Aging (Aging-US)

Aging-US published this trending review in Volume 14, Issue 9, entitled, "Hallmarks of cancer and hallmarks of aging" by Dr. Mikhail V. Blagosklonny from Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY. 

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.204082

Corresponding author - Mikhail V. Blagosklonny - Blagosklonny@oncotarget.com, Blagosklonny@rapalogs.com

Abstract

A thought-provoking article by Gems and de Magalhães suggests that canonic hallmarks of aging are superficial imitations of hallmarks of cancer. I took their work a step further and proposed hallmarks of aging based on a hierarchical principle and the hyperfunction theory.

To do this, I first reexamine the hallmarks of cancer proposed by Hanahan and Weinberg in 2000. Although six hallmarks of cancer are genuine, they are not hierarchically arranged, i.e., molecular, intra-cellular, cellular, tissue, organismal and extra-organismal. (For example, invasion and angiogenesis are manifestations of molecular alterations on the tissue level; metastasis on the organismal level, whereas cell immortality is observed outside the host).

The same hierarchical approach is applicable to aging. Unlike cancer, however, aging is not a molecular disease. The lowest level of its origin is normal intracellular signaling pathways such as mTOR that drive developmental growth and, later in life, become hyperfunctional, causing age-related diseases, whose sum is aging. The key hallmark of organismal aging, from worms to humans, are age-related diseases. In addition, hallmarks of aging can be arranged as a timeline, wherein initial hyperfunction is followed by dysfunction, organ damage and functional decline.

Press release - https://aging-us.com/news_room/hallmarks-of-cancer-and-hallmarks-of-aging-reviewed

Keywords - aging, oncology, carcinogenesis, geroscience, mTOR, rapamycin, hyperfunction theory

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

Please visit our website at http://www.Aging-US.com​​ and connect with us:

SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/Aging-Us
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/
Twitter - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/agingjrnl/
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/agingus​
LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging/
Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/AgingUS/

Aging-US is published by Impact Journals, LLC: http://www.ImpactJournals.com​​

Media Contact
18009220957
MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Paper Spotlight: Hallmarks of Cancer and Hallmarks of Aging

Aging (Aging-US) published this trending research perspective in Volume 14, Issue 7, entitled, “Heterochronic parabiosis: a valuable tool to investigate cellular senescence and other hallmarks of aging” by researchers from the Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.204015

Corresponding authors - Matthew J. Yousefzadeh - myousefz@umn.edu, and Derek M. Huffman - derek.huffman@einsteinmed.org

Abstract

Parabiosis is a well-established method to facilitate a shared blood supply between two conjoined animals. In particular, the pairing of mice of dissimilar ages, termed heterochronic parabiosis, has been used extensively for differentiating cell autonomous and non-autonomous mechanisms of aging. Analysis of heterochronic parabionts also has helped to identify individual circulating factors that may act as either pro- or anti-geronics. Heterochronic parabiosis also has proven to be a valuable experimental system to evaluate the effects of specific hallmarks of aging on the process of aging. For example, heterochronic parabiosis was used recently to examine whether cellular senescence was driven via cell autonomous and/or non-autonomous mechanisms. As anticipated, markers of cellular senescence were elevated in old isochronically-paired mice relative to young controls. However, compared to old isochronically paired mice, the senescent cell burden was reduced in multiple tissues of old parabionts joined with young mice. This suggests that the rejuvenation of cells and tissues in old mice by exposure to young blood could be mediated, in part, through suppression or immune clearance of senescent cells. Conversely, young heterochronic parabionts showed increased markers of cellular senescence, demonstrating that exposure to an old circulation is able to drive senescence through a cell non-autonomous mechanism(s), likely contributing to accelerated aging in the young mice. Thus, heterochronic parabiosis is still an important methodology that should continue to be leveraged for evaluating other hallmarks of aging and their mechanisms.

Sign up for free Altmetric alerts about this article - https://aging.altmetric.com/details/email_updates?id=10.18632%2Faging.204015

Keywords - aging, cellular senescence, heterochronic parabiosis, geroscience

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

Please visit our website at http://www.Aging-US.com​​ and connect with us:

SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/Aging-Us
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/
Twitter - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/agingjrnl/
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/agingus​
LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging/
Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/AgingUS/

Aging-US is published by Impact Journals, LLC: http://www.ImpactJournals.com​​

Media Contact
18009220957
MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Trending With Impact: Heterochronic Parabiosis, Cellular Senescence and Aging

Oncoscience published this trending research perspective in Volume 9, 2022, entitled, "Altos Labs and the quest for immortality: but can we live longer right now?" by Dr. Mikhail V. Blagosklonny from Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY. 

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncoscience.552

Corresponding author - Mikhail V. Blagosklonny - Blagosklonny@oncotarget.com, Blagosklonny@rapalogs.com

Abstract

Some visionaries prefer to dream of immortality rather than to actually live longer. Here I discuss how combining rapamycin with other modalities may let us live long enough to benefit from future discoveries in cellular reprogramming and what needs to be done at Altos Labs to make this happen.

Press release - https://aging-us.com/news_room/altos-labs-quest-for-immortality

Keywords - aging, longevity, lifespan, geroscience, rapalogs, gerostatics

About Oncoscience

Oncoscience's mission is to cover the rapidly growing field of cancer research. It’s aim is to focus on emergent topics not currently covered by other journals.

Launched in 2014, Oncoscience is a peer-reviewed, traditional-style, bi-monthly journal with free access. Oncoscience also has a special mission: freeing researchers in oncology from publication costs. It is free for both readers and authors.

Please visit our website at http://www.Oncoscience.us​ and connect with us:

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/Oncoscience/
Twitter - https://twitter.com/OncoscienceJrnl
LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/oncoscience/
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/oncoscience

Oncoscience is published by Impact Journals, LLC: http://www.ImpactJournals.com​​

Media Contact
18009220957
MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Paper Spotlight: Altos Labs’ Quest for Immortality - Dr. Blagosklonny’s Perspective

CD Genomics

CD Genomics has been providing the accurate and affordable whole genome sequencing service for couple of years. We combine both Illumina (short reads) and PacBio (long reads) platforms to achieve whole genome de novo assemblies and re-sequencing for viruses, microbes, plants, animals and humans.	https://www.cd-genomics.com/Whole-Genome-Sequencing.html

Methods and Workflow of Whole Genome Sequencing

Lonza

Do you wish to improve your drug discovery experimental setup? Ever wonder how to improve on cell line data. Explore your options with primary cells from multiple organs of the human body. Make the right choices for drug discovery. Learn more….

Human Body and Media Solutions

Creative Proteomics videos

Proteomics studies play an increasing role in the field of biology. The use of mass spectrometry (MS) in combination with a range of separation methods is the main principal methodology for proteomics. The two principal approaches to identifying and characterizing proteins using MS are the “bottom-up”, which analyze peptides by proteolytic digestion, and “top-down”, which analyze intact proteins.  https://www.creative-proteomics.com/resource/top-down-proteomics-vs-bottom-up-proteomics.htm

Bottom-up Proteomics and Top-down Proteomics at Creative Proteomics

Highly integrated single-base resolution DNA methylation patterning; Providing insights into gene cell-fate commitment and reprogramming, as well as gene regulation; Identifying novel epigenetic markers and targets for disease· Unable to distinguish between 5mC and 5hmC.
More information at https://www.cd-genomics.com/5mc-5hmc-sequencing-1.html

5mC and 5hmC Sequencing Methods

Custom Videos from Technology Networks

Watch this video from Sartorius to learn more about the iQue Forecyt® Software: EC50/IC50 curves and iQue® Human NK Cell Killing Kits.

Cell Science

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