Cell Science

Aging

Aging-US published this trending research paper - selected as the cover for Volume 13, Issue 17 - on September 7, 2021, entitled, “Reduced uremic metabolites are prominent feature of sarcopenia, distinct from antioxidative markers for frailty” by researchers from the Geriatric Unit, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; G0 Cell Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), Okinawa, Japan.

Abstract
Due to global aging, frailty and sarcopenia are increasing. Sarcopenia is defined as loss of volume and strength of skeletal muscle in elderlies, while frailty involves multiple domains of aging-related dysfunction, impaired cognition, hypomobility, and decreased social activity. However, little is known about the metabolic basis of sarcopenia, either shared with or discrete from frailty. Here we analyzed comprehensive metabolomic data of human blood in relation to sarcopenia, previously collected from 19 elderly participants in our frailty study. Among 131 metabolites, we identified 22 sarcopenia markers, distinct from 15 frailty markers, mainly including antioxidants, although sarcopenia overlaps clinically with physical frailty. Notably, 21 metabolites that decline in sarcopenia or low SMI are uremic compounds that increase in kidney dysfunction. These comprise TCA cycle, urea cycle, nitrogen, and methylated metabolites. Sarcopenia markers imply a close link between muscle and kidney function, while frailty markers define a state vulnerable to oxidative stress.

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DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.203498

Full text - https://www.aging-us.com/article/203498/text

Correspondence to: Mitsuhiro Yanagida email: myanagid@gmail.com

Keywords: sarcopenia, muscle mass, metabolomics, frailty, uremic metabolites, aging

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

Please visit our website at http://www.Aging-US.com​​ or connect with us on:

Twitter - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/
SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/aging-us​
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/agingus​
LinkedIn -  https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging​

Aging-US is published by Impact Journals, LLC please visit http://www.ImpactJournals.com​​ or connect with @ImpactJrnls

Media Contact
18009220957
MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Trending with Impact: DNA Markers Distinguish Sarcopenia from Frailty

Aging-US published this trending research paper on August 10, 2021, entitled, “Senescence-associated hyper-activation to inflammatory stimuli in vitro” by researchers from the College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, and the College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

Abstract
Aging is associated with an increased susceptibility to adverse inflammatory conditions such as sepsis and cytokine storm. We hypothesized that senescent cells (SnCs) play a central role in this age-associated pathology in part due to their expression of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which may prime SnCs to inflammatory stimulation. To test this hypothesis, we examined the expression of various inflammatory cytokines and chemokines at the levels of gene transcription and protein production in various SnCs in vitro in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interleukin-1β (IL1β), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) stimulation. We found that SnCs not only expressed higher basal levels of various inflammatory cytokines and chemokines as a manifestation of the SASP, but more importantly exhibited hyper-activation of the induction of a variety of inflammatory mediators in response to LPS, IL1β and TNFα stimulation as compared with non-SnCs. This senescence-associated hyper-activation is likely mediated in part via the p38MAPK (p38) and NFκB pathways because LPS stimulation elicited significantly higher levels of p38 phosphorylation and NFκB p65 nuclear translation in SnCs when compared to their non-senescent counterparts and inhibition of these pathways with losmapimod (a p38 specific inhibitor) and BMS-345541 (a selective NFκB inhibitor) attenuated LPS-induced expression of IL6, TNFα, CCL5, and IL1β mRNA in SnCs. These findings suggest that SnCs may play an important role in the age-related increases in the susceptibility to developing an exacerbated inflammatory response and highlight the potential to use senotherapeutics to ameliorate the severity of various devastating inflammatory conditions in the elderly.

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DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.203396

Full text - https://www.aging-us.com/article/203396/text

Correspondence to: Daohong Zhou email: zhoudaohong@cop.ufl.edu

Keywords: cellular senescence, inflammation, SASP, aging

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

Please visit our website at http://www.Aging-US.com​​ or connect with us on:

Twitter - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/
SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/aging-us​
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/agingus​
LinkedIn -  https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging​

Aging-US is published by Impact Journals, LLC please visit http://www.ImpactJournals.com​​ or connect with @ImpactJrnls

Media Contact
18009220957
MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Top-Performer: Senescent Cells and Inflamm-Aging

Teach Me in 10

In the post-genomic era, the importance of proteomics in helping us to gain a greater understanding of disease is clear. In this Teach Me in 10, we are joined by Dr. Clare Paterson from SomaLogic. Dr. Paterson discusses the power of proteomics, exploring how proteomics has evolved from assessments of single analytes to sensitive, specific and high throughput technologies capable of generating a wealth of invaluable data.

We will discuss how proteomics technologies, such as SomaScan, have advanced the field to not only be a tool for biomarker discovery, but also allow acceleration of drug development, clinical trials and transforming precision medicine. 

Further information resources: 1. [url][link]https://somalogic.com/whitepaper/detection-of-low-abundance-serum-proteins-associated-with-prediabetes-for-predictive-and-prognostic-purposes/[/link][name]Diabetes[/name][/url] 2. [url][link]https://somalogic.com/whitepaper/circulating-protein-biomarkers-are-a-promising-avenue-for-predicting-patient-response-to-cancer-immunotherapies/[/link][name]Immunoncology[/name][/url] 3. [url][link]https://somalogic.com/whitepaper/cvd-whitepaper/[/link][name]Cardiovascular[/name][/url] 4. [url][link]https://somalogic.com/whitepaper/nash-whitepaper/[/link][name]NASH[/name][/url] 5. [url][link]https://somalogic.com/whitepaper/infectious-disease-whitepaper/[/link][name]COVID-19 and the SomaScan® Platform[/name][/url].

What Can Proteomics Teach Us About Disease? With Dr. Clare Paterson

CD Genomics

· Highly integrated single-base resolution DNA methylation patterning; Providing insights into gene cell-fate commitment and reprogramming, as well as gene regulation; Identifying novel epigenetic markers and targets for disease· Unable to distinguish between 5mC and 5hmC
More information at https://www.cd-genomics.com/

5mC and 5hmC Sequencing Methods  and The Comparison

Introduction to microbial sequencing-a complete guide.  Microbial genomics is an important field by utilizing nucleic acid sequencing technologies to investigate the genomic information of a single microbial species or microbial communities from a wide spectrum of environments.  https://www.cd-genomics.com/Microbial-Genomics.html

Introduction to microbial sequencing-a complete guide

Sequencing-based Approaches for Profiling DNA Methylation at CD Genomics. Learn more at https://www.cd-genomics.com/

Sequencing-based Approaches for Profiling DNA Methylation at CD Genomics

Aging-US published this trending research paper on January 11, 2021, entitled, “Shorter telomere lengths in patients with severe COVID-19 disease” by researchers from the Telomeres and Telomerase Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid, Spain, and Field Hospital COVID-19, IFEMA, Madrid, Spain.

Abstract
The incidence of severe manifestations of COVID-19 increases with age with older patients showing the highest mortality, suggesting that molecular pathways underlying aging contribute to the severity of COVID-19. One mechanism of aging is the progressive shortening of telomeres, which are protective structures at chromosome ends. Critically short telomeres impair the regenerative capacity of tissues and trigger loss of tissue homeostasis and disease. The SARS-CoV-2 virus infects many different cell types, forcing cell turn-over and regeneration to maintain tissue homeostasis. We hypothesize that presence of short telomeres in older patients limits the tissue response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. We measure telomere length in peripheral blood lymphocytes COVID-19 patients with ages between 29 and 85 years-old. We find that shorter telomeres are associated to increased severity of the disease. Individuals within the lower percentiles of telomere length and higher percentiles of short telomeres have higher risk of developing severe COVID-19 pathologies.

Sign up for free Altmetric alerts about this article - https://oncotarget.altmetric.com/details/email_updates?id=10.18632%2Foncotarget.202463

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.202463

Full text - https://www.aging-us.com/article/202463/text

Correspondence to: Maria A. Blasco email: mblasco@cnio.es

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, telomeres, aging

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

Please visit our website at http://www.Aging-US.com​​ or connect with us on:

Twitter - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/
SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/aging-us​
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/agingus​
LinkedIn -  https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging​

Aging-US is published by Impact Journals, LLC please visit http://www.ImpactJournals.com​​ or connect with @ImpactJrnls

Media Contact
18009220957
MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Trending with Impact: Shorter Telomeres in Patients With Severe COVID-19

Creative Proteomics videos

Proteomics studies play an increasing role in the field of biology. The use of mass spectrometry (MS) in combination with a range of separation methods is the main principal methodology for proteomics. The two principal approaches to identifying and characterizing proteins using MS are the “bottom-up”, which analyze peptides by proteolytic digestion, and “top-down”, which analyze intact proteins.  https://www.creative-proteomics.com/resource/top-down-proteomics-vs-bottom-up-proteomics.htm

Bottom-up Proteomics and Top-down Proteomics at Creative Proteomics

Glycomics, the study of glycans, is applied to biology and chemistry that focuses on the structure and function of carbohydrates, and on glycoform distributions at the cellular, tissue, organ and organism levels. In glycomics, there are three major parts, including structural characterization of glycans, research of glycan–protein interactions, and the study of in vitro and in vivo systems for the determination of the function of specific glycans. https://www.creative-proteomics.com/services/glycomics-service.htm

Cell Science

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